TEXT
 

 1

   The prisoner - call him "J" - has committed 14 serious disciplinary offenses and
is confined to his cell twenty - four hours a day. Last week "J" attacked two guards
who were escorting him back to his cell in shackles*. As one guard knelt to unfasten

his leg irons, "J" bolted* from his cell and swung the door  at the other, then hit the   
5 first guard in the head. The guards called for help and threw him to the floor, then    
attacked him with pepper spray, a chemical agent that leaves its victim choking and in      
pain. Hours later, "J" was still banging on his cell door and shrieking in fury ; the
guard he hit went to the hospital. All this occurred at the Fred C. Nelles School in     
Whittier, California, where "J" is doing time for assault with a deadly weapon. He is    
10 16 years old.
   "J" is a prisoner in the largest juvenile - justice system in the world - the    
California Youth Authority, (C. Y. A.) with 9000 inmates* in 11 training schools and   
four conservation camps… All the kids have committed crimes like murder, rape and  
armed robbery …
15    Once famous for its innovative approaches to rehabilitation, C. Y. A. today is
overcrowded, under funded and trapped between society's ambivalent attitudes about
juvenile crime. Rehabilitation is still a goal and C. Y. A. officials say they are proud
that 47 percent of their "graduates" stay out of the system for at least two years…
But the inmates see it differently : "Most guys here won't get rehabilitated. They are
20 getting ready to go out and commit another crime…"
   "Rehabilitation is a nice thing to talk about,"says State Assembly - man Chuck
  Quackenbush, author of a bill that would allow 14 - year - olds to be tried as adults.
"But I am not interested in the killers' welfare. I am interested in putting them in jail
and protecting society. And if that means crowded prisons, so be it".

Donna Foote, Newsweek, July 4, 1994

*shackles : metal rings linked by a chain used for fastening a prisoner's wrists or ankles together.
*bolted : ran away quickly.
*inmates : people living together in a hospital or a prison or some other institution.

 
I. READING COMPREHENSION
 

1.Fill in the following table with information from paragraph 1.

  Place   
  Incident   
  Violent inmate   
  Victim   
  Result   

2. Fill in the table with information about CYA (paragraphs 2 and 3) :

 

  Number of prisoners   
  Number of training schools   
  Types of crimes committed   
  Number of conservation camps   

3. What problems is C.Y.A. faced with ?

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4. What do the following people think of rehabilitation ?

  The officials   
  The inmates   
  Chuck Quackenbush   

5. Correct the following false statements with reference to the text :

a- Only clubs are used in this rehabilitation school to calm down and control the prisoners.
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b- In this prison, "J" was kept chained in his cell.
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6. What do the underlined words refer to ?

his (line 4) refers to .....................................................................................................................
other (line 4) refers to .................................................................................................................
                     

7. Circle the correct alternative.

"graduates" (paragraph 3) is used within inverted commas ("     ") because :
    a- the journalist is being ironical.
    b- it is a matter of pride and honour.
    c- the prisoners get a diploma when they come out of the rehabilitation center.

 
II. LANGUAGE


1. Circle the right option to fill each blank.

Robert Weir was    1    in Dundee when he heard the    2   on the radio    3   an incident at Dunblane primary school.
"   4   was chaos when I got    5    the school", he said. "People were    6    . It was terrible. The parents were    7   into a house    8   the school. There they waited      9   two hours".
"They called out four names", said Robert. "Our son was one of    10   . They took us into a    11   room and I    12   that Stewart was    13    . But Stewart was    14   . It was Megan, his    15   friend, who    16   along with    17   ."

1) work / worked / working
2) music / speech / news
3) in / for / about
4) Their / They're / There
5) at / in / to
6) laughing / drinking / screaming
7) taking / took / taken
8) over / beside / away
9) since / for / during
10) theirs / their / them
11) separated / separating / separate
12) was thinking / thought / have thought
13) died / dying / dead
14) live/ lived / alive
15) little bright / bright little
16) was died / is dead / was dead
17) other 15 children / 15 other children


2. Match a word from column A with a word from column B to get 7 meaningful pairs :

Column A

Column B

Pairs

  1) former
  2) drug
  3) colour
  4) hair
  5) fluent
  6) bus
  7) delivery

  a) English
  b) boycott
  c) boy
  d) spouse
  e) abuse
  f) shampoo
  g) prejudice

     

3. 8 words in the paragraph below are incomplete. Some letters are given.
Add the missing letters to complete the unfinished words.

When d...................... a doctor have the right to kill a pa.............t ? Practising euth.................a still remains a cr............. in Holland, punishable by a se...............ce of up to 12 years in prison. But last week the parliament's lower house vo............ 91 to 45 in fa....................r of a law designed to protect Dutch physicians from prosecution for help................. patients die.

 
III. WRITING
 

Task 1 : Use the following notes to write complete definitions.

a- solicitor / person / qualified / give advice / legal matters.
A solicitor ..............................................................................................................................................................
b- bookcase / piece of furniture / has shelves / hold books.
A bookcase ...........................................................................................................................................................

 

Task 2 : Combine the following into one sentence.

    A tourist's bomb blew TAN flight 107 out of the air. This bomb killed all the passengers. It also killed all the crew. Besides, it caused the destruction of many other lives in the city of Sotasun. The plane fell on Sotasun. All this happened in November 1973.

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Task 3: Your Bosnian friend Akila and her family write you a 12-line letter in order to thank you for having invited them to stay at your home in Tunisia during the Bosnian conflict. They also say nice things about Tunisia (the people, the weather, the country, etc...). At the end of her letter, Akila invites you to visit her in Bosnia.
Write Akila's letter to you (Your name is Aly or Alya).

Dear Aly (or Alya),

    ..................................................................................................................................................................
    ..................................................................................................................................................................
    ..................................................................................................................................................................
    ..................................................................................................................................................................
    ..................................................................................................................................................................
    ..................................................................................................................................................................
    ..................................................................................................................................................................
    ..................................................................................................................................................................

Yours with lots of love,
Akila and her family

Task 4 : Read this paragraph and cross out the sentence that is not related to the main idea.

Many Americans prefer to be their own bosses, and they are willing to take risks for the chance of making it (1). Starting a business is a quick and easy matter (2). Some 10 million Americans owned their businesses in 1984, and four times that number owned a part of business and industries (3). Yet, America is far from being a "free entreprise" market (4). Anyone trying to start a business is faced with many regulations and restrictions (5).

Answer : Sentence n°........